waste.exposed
State law

Can waste be a manufacturing feedstock?

Advanced circular manufacturing would take whole waste streams, not one sorted fraction, and make products, fuels and chemicals from them. Whether that is legal depends on how each state's law defines solid waste, and many of those definitions date from the 1970s and 1980s. This page shows, state by state, which materials the law lets a manufacturer take directly as feedstock, which need a case-by-case approval, and which stay regulated as solid-waste processing or disposal.

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Materials and how many states allow them as feedstock

Unsorted municipal solid waste

How old the governing law is

Year each state's solid waste law was enacted

Year of its last major amendment

Every state and material

Hover a cell for what the law says; select a state for its full profile.

The federal rules every state sits on

Can waste go to manufacturing without a waste permit?

Blue: unsorted waste sent to manufacturing is not regulated as solid waste. Amber: a pending bill or proposed rule would make it so. Orange: using waste as a feedstock stays under solid-waste law. That includes the advanced recycling laws, which exempt only sorted post-use plastics under conditions written into waste law, and exemptions limited to sorted recyclables or listed materials. Every state card names those narrower routes.

StateWaste permit for manufacturingAdvanced recycling lawPathway out of waste statusConfidence

The site's sponsor works in this field. Every status on this page comes from the cited statute, rule or source for that state, and each cell links to it on the state's profile.